Across the Guelder-Rose Branch lyrics and meaning
Meaning
This song can be understood as the song of a daughter married far away. At the beginning, it says that her mother bore her at a good time and raised her, but did not give her a dalia, a happy lot. The absence of dalia can be interpreted as an image of unhappy fate, especially unhappy marital fate.
The mother then gives her to the land of the Gudai, and the young woman says she will not stay there long: for two or three years she will be a daughter-in-law, and in the fourth year she will fly as a cuckoo. This transformation into a bird can be understood as a desire to return to her native home.
At the end, after flying back as a cuckoo to her father's estate, she cuckoos in the cherry orchard, but no one hears her except her brother, who is feeding the horse. He understands that this is not a cuckoo, but the troubles of his sister, the daughter, being told. This image can be interpreted as the lament of a married daughter returning in the form of a cuckoo. This is one possible meaning, but the motif of the daughter married far away and transformed into a cuckoo is clear.
Symbols
- No dalia given
- The mother raised her daughter but did not give her a happy lot. It marks unhappy marital fate.
- Land of the Gudai
- A distant foreign land where the daughter is married off. It marks life far from the native home.
- Cuckoo
- The bird into which the daughter turns in order to fly home. It marks longing and a dying or grieving soul.
- "The daughter tells her troubles"
- The cuckooing that the brother recognizes as his sister's lament. It marks the complaint of the married daughter.
History
"Per putino šakelį" belongs to family songs about a daughter married far away and her longing for her native home. The song's core is an old motif of transformation into a bird: the daughter-in-law with an unhappy lot will "fly as a cuckoo" in the fourth year and return to her father's estate to cuckoo. Such a woman's transformation into a cuckoo, whose lament is recognized only by someone close, is a widespread image in Lithuanian family and wedding songs.
The text is recorded in a strong southern Aukštaitian, or Dzūkian, dialect, with forms such as "radzino," "dzidzo," "ciktai," and "rokuoja," but the exact place and time of recording are not given on this page, so the song is presented according to genre features. The recognition at the end, where the brother, feeding the horse, understands that this is not a cuckoo but his sister's complaint of hardship, forms the song's emotional culmination.
Sources
- Lietuvių liaudies dainynas, t. 1–23, Vilnius 1980–2011 (LLTI)
- Lietuvių liaudies dainų katalogas, 6 t., Vilnius 1972–1986
- Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia: Lithuanian folk songs
- Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia: family songs
- LLTI: Lithuanian Folk Songbook
Common questions
Across the Guelder-Rose Branch: what kind of song is this?
It is a family song about a daughter married far away, into the "land of the Gudai," who longs for her native home and flies back as a cuckoo.
What does "did not give dalia" mean?
The mother raised her daughter, but did not give her a happy dalia, or fate and marital happiness. It is an image of unhappy destiny common in family songs.
Why does the daughter turn into a cuckoo?
Transformation into a bird is an old Lithuanian song motif: unable to return herself, the married daughter "flies as a cuckoo" home to call out. The cuckoo is linked with longing, orphanhood, and complaint.
Why does the song have unusual words such as "radzino" and "rokuoja"?
They are southern Aukštaitian, or Dzūkian, dialect features: "radzino" means bore, "rokuoja" means counts or tells, and "ciktai" means only. The dialect points to southeastern Lithuania.